9 Technical Writing Tips Every Writer Needs to Know

9 Technical Writing Tips Every Writer Needs to Know Technical writing takes high-level details and explains them clearly and concisely to an audience. While the result of technical writing is clear, succinct and simple, the process can be the opposite. The technical writer’s challenge is to transform complicated information into an accessible document. To meet this challenge, technical writers use different strategies. This article will provide you with a selection these distinct, action-oriented strategies to improve your technical writing. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(41482, '2355e67d-04bb-46d6-b8a7-b271b3acdfe9', {}); 1) Create a Persona The crux of good technical writing is writing for your audience. The audience needs to be defined in the document planning process and then considered at each step of the writing process. Technical writers know that a tech-savvy boss needs different information about a product than a 73-year-old grandmother. After identifying your audience, refine it further by creating a persona. Imagine the exact person who will be reading your document. The persona will be obvious if you are writing for a known person, such as your department supervisor. For other documents, the persona can be fictional. Assign your reader a specific age, gender, educational background, career, a story for why they are reading the document, even a hobby. Instead of writing for a theoretical audience, write for a specific, albeit fictional, person. The more accurately you can imagine your reader, the more accessible your writing will be for them. Instead of wondering if the wording is right for the audience, write and review the wording with this persona in mind. It will be obvious whether or not the text is right for your reader. 2) Beware of Scope Creep Good technical writers keep in mind the document’s goal at each writing stage. The goal and scope should be clearly outlined in the initial document planning. During the planning and even the writing process, document content can grow. Technical details are not isolated. They are built on previous developments, and you may want to include supplemental information or additional user instructions. Colleagues may suggest valuable background information or data. Some extra details are useful. Too many details will cause the scope to creep. As technical writing strives to be succinct, scope creep creates unnecessary work that ultimately produces a less valuable document for the reader. If you feel the scope needs to broaden, return to the goal. Evaluate if that content is really necessary. Cut it or if necessary, consider separation through appendices and even an additional document. 3) Writing Should Be Easy If you’re thinking ‘writing is always difficult for me,’ writing is probably not your real problem. Writing should be easy because the planning process was thorough. The planning process should take up to 50% of overall document preparation time. All key materials, relevant details, and the audience will be captured and organized. The result is your complete document in a condensed format. Writing simply fleshes out this compact version. If you’re unclear of how to phrase an idea while writing, reflect on your audience and how they would want to read it. If you’re not sure if a data set should be included, refer to your mind map to see if it fits within it. Any writing question can be answered by a complete planning process. If the writing is difficult, stop typing and return to your plan. There is at least one aspect of the planning process that needs more development. Once you have a thorough plan, only then should you start to write. And it will be easy. You may be interested in our other article: 87 Business Writing Tips 4) Be Timeless A technical document is your contribution to posterity. That’s right, you are passing on technical knowledge for readers now and in the future. Most technical writers focus on today’s audience. While very important, these documents often serve future readers, too. A site assessment may not be read again for 30 years until the property comes up for sale. Software instructions act as the basis for the future manual of an updated version. To write timelessly, always include dates and timelines where relevant. Avoid including time-dependent or temporary information. If you must, explain its current context for future readers. For example, a health and safety report references current legislation. The act is carefully identified so that it can be differentiated from future revised codes. Your document should be clear and comprehensible now and 20 years from now. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(41482, '2355e67d-04bb-46d6-b8a7-b271b3acdfe9', {}); 5) Use Attributions Good attributions are efficient. They allow the reader to reference relevant details without including the information directly. The readers who need that additional information can easily find it, while others can continue on in the document without being buried in background information. See references as a tool for maintaining a concise and valuable document for your audience. 6) Use Global English English is an international language. Writing technical documents in English allows them to be broadly read and shared. However, many readers will be non-native speakers. In order to accommodate all readers, use Global English. This style of English is logical and literal which makes it more easily understood. It has a strong overlap with the technical writing principles of precision and clarity. In addition, writing globally means being aware of content that can difficult to understand or simply misunderstood. For example, avoiding idioms and the subjunctive, as well as being careful with words that can be both a noun and verb (e.g. display or guide).edX supports learners across the world and follows a very useful guide to Global English. 7) Forget the Word Count Some writers race to a word count, seeing it as the goal marker. In technical writing, word count is a poor judge of completion. Technical writing should be concise. The same instructions can be conveyed in 500 words or 5000 words. The better instructions are the ones that are most effective for the reader, regardless of the word count. Use word count as a general guide, not a rule. Never force words onto a page meet a word count. If you can write the same idea in fewer words, it’s better for the reader. 8) Be Humble Writing is an iterative process. Through good planning, thoughtful writing, and constructive feedback, you will grow and improve your technical writing skills. Each review offers its own lessons. Be welcoming of feedback from supervisors, peers, and experts. Learn from mistakes, confusions, and comments. Each review session offers an opportunity to grow as a writer. Be humble and accept these educational opportunities. 9) Use Graphics to Illustrate Graphics can help illustrate your message. In technical writing, the goal of graphics is to help convey information not act as decoration. In our online technical writing course, we teach that graphics should be focused on the reader. Poorly designed graphics can confuse readers and do more harm than good. To learn more about adding graphics to your documents see our article on the topic. Conclusion Technical writing is centered on good planning and audience focus. The above tips provide different perspectives and practical methods to accomplish these goals.

Solubility Rules of Ionic Solids in Water

Solubility Rules of Ionic Solids in Water This is a list of the solubility rules for ionic solids in water. Solubility is a result of an interaction between polar water molecules and the ions which make up a crystal. Two forces determine the extent to which the solution will occur: Force of Attraction Between H2O Molecules and the Ions of the Solid This force tends to bring ions into solution. If this is the predominant factor, then the compound may be highly soluble in water. Force of Attraction Between Oppositely Charged Ions This force tends to keep the ions in the solid state. When it is a major factor, then water solubility may be very low. However, it is not easy to estimate the relative magnitudes of these two forces or to quantitatively predict water solubilities of electrolytes. Therefore, it is easier to refer to a set of generalizations, sometimes called solubility rules, that is based upon experimentation. Its a good idea to memorize the information in this table. Solubility Rules All salts of the group I elements (alkali metals Na, Li, K, Cs, Rb) are soluble. NO3:  All nitrates are soluble. Chlorate  (ClO3-), perchlorate  (ClO4-), and acetate (CH3COO-  or C2H3O2-, abbreviated as Oac-) salts are soluble. Cl, Br, I: All chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble except those of silver, mercury, and lead (e.g., AgCl, Hg2Cl2, and PbCl2). SO42: Most sulfates are soluble. Exceptions include BaSO4, PbSO4, and SrSO4. CO32: All carbonates are insoluble except NH4 and those of the Group 1 elements. OH: All hydroxides are insoluble except those of the Group 1 elements, Ba(OH)2, and Sr(OH)2. Ca(OH)2 is slightly soluble. S2: All sulfides are insoluble except those of the Group 1 and Group 2 elements and NH4.

Special Events Proposal-MARKETING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Special Events Proposal-MARKETING - Essay Example It would be not possible for the majority of the wine drinkers to buy all the varieties of wine on their own and taste them. So, the Wine Tasting event like the one, that can be organized by Kudler Fine Foods will give them the opportunity to taste different wines. Also, there will be group of wine drinkers who want to enjoy drinking wine, in-group and not in isolation. These wine drinkers can also be enticed to try the new offerings from Kudler Fine Foods through the Wine Tasting event in a group mode with their friend and relatives. Through out the world, Wine Tasting events were considered an ideal opportunity for the friends and family members to get together. So, if the Kudler Fine Foods organizes this special promotion for its wines, it will bring out the wine drinkers, who drink alone, into the open and provide entertainment and enjoyment for them in the company of their friends and family members. The enjoyable atmosphere in the Wine Tasting events will make the drinkers or participants emotionally associate with the Kudler’s brand of wines even more. Also, if something good happens to the customer, while using the brand, the attachment to the brand will grow even more. So, in the Kudler organized Wine Tasting events, these two criteria can be fulfilled, making the promotions work very positively. That is, as mentioned above, the wine drinkers in the Wine Tasting events will have a very good time, enjoying different wines and spending quality time with their family and friends. So, in this setup, t he Kudler’s wine used by the prospective customers will strike a cord with the customers. The customer will start to buy and use the wines, whenever the same kind of enjoyable atmosphere is replicated in different surroundings as well. At the same time, the new types of wines offered in the Wine Tasting event will work in another positive way,

Assugnment # 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assugnment # 2 - Essay Example For instance, the processor chip was from Intel and the operating system called DOS (Disc Operating System) was from Microsoft. In 1985, the new CEO John F. Akers focused more on improved its memory storage, mathematics, and a lot of expansion in computing capabilities (20). During this time, the IBM token-ring local area network that allowed sharing of personal computer devices such as the printers and files, exchange information, therefore laying the foundation for networking. The IMB PC has developed greatly to the modern computer devices currently in use today, for example, the tablets developed from the same technology (Singh 41). Most of the features are similar although the today’s gadgets have a high processing speed and a big memory in addition to being portable. Nowadays the computer has several functions including television services and other audio and video players to provide entertainment. The 1980 computers still provided similar functions such as games, word processing, and television. Today’s IBM personal computers have many features and can accommodate several programs to help in their functionalities such as photo editing, video editing, and many others. Development of the personal computers is one of the best technologies that the world has seen because of it application in various fields such as health, education, and banking among

Trinitarian Theology of Prayer and Healing Essay Example for Free

Trinitarian Theology of Prayer and Healing Essay There has been considerable reflection more recently on the nature of Trinity and its place in church life and theological thinking. Feminists, liberationists, process thinkers, and more traditionalist Catholic and Protestant theologians as well as Eastern Orthodox desire to free the Trinity from its isolation in traditional statements with the consequent lack of relation to practical Christian faith and life. The realization that in the economy of salvation we have to do with God as he is in himself has radically focused thought in a new way on the being and act of God as triune. The double context of salvation and liberation in relation to the Trinity has been the prime reason for renewed interest in the doctrine today and in its practical implications. Recent rejuvenation of the Trinity has owed much to the efforts and success of theologians in laying out a wide range of trinitarian implications. It is as we properly understand God as triune that we win have a right view of the faith, of its doctrines, and of the relevance of all this for every sphere of human life and activity. It is in many ways remarkable that this insight, always latent in our traditions, has now, almost suddenly and unexpectedly, emerged as a central aspect of current theology. Current thinking is very varied; here the work will concentrate on that which relates directly a trinitarian basis and the implication for our understanding of the nature and goal of healing. Before we go on to do this in some detail in the work, we must say something about the Trinity itself as the general framework for understanding religious diversity. After discussing that general framework, we will indicate some of its implications for Christianitys internal life. Trinity means the reality of one God who is three persons. There are not three Gods somehow joined together, which would be explicit tritheism, nor can one envisage the three persons as together making up the Deity. This would reduce the â€Å"persons† to partial gods and mean that the Trinity was some kind of mathematical conundrum. Nor can the unity in Trinity be seen as simply a variety of attributes or perfections which constitute the being of God. Rather, the Trinity affirms that while each person is wholly divine both per se and in relation to the others, there is only one God. Gods being is a unity in Trinity and not otherwise. This naturally excludes the view that one can begin with a different conception of unity to which the Trinity must in some measure conform. It also indicates that the being of God as one can only be known as mystery in the actions of his grace and salvation in Jesus Christ by the Holy Spirit or, to put it otherwise, in revelation and reconciliation. But if God is the one God as the Father sending the Son by the Holy Spirit, how do these three persons or ways of Gods being in action express his unity? That is the question. Two main answers have been given but elaborated in various ways. The first favored by the Orthodox East and by many Western theologians today is summarized cryptically as â€Å"being in relationship† or â€Å"being as communion† or â€Å"ontorelational unity† (Vanhoozer 188). The second traditional Western view sees the persons as inhering in the being of God as the focus of unity. Christians believe God is intrinsically relational. Salvation is communion with the triune God. Salvation is not a realization of pure identity, the unity of one absolute Self, a one without a second. That religious end would be relationless, because there is nothing outside the One with which to relate. Any relation of the One to something outside it could only be a diminishment or contamination of the divine perfection. Salvation is also not emptiness, the dissipation of any continuing consciousness of being at all. This too is a relationless end. In the first case there was one absolute with nothing/no one to relate with. In this case it is not the absence of an other that rules out relation, but the radical insubstantiality even of one. Instead of one without a second to relate with, we might regard this end as pure relation, with no â€Å"ones† — distinct persons or entities — to have the relation. These religious ends differ from salvation because they exclude relation itself, seeing it as extrinsic to religious fulfillment. In that light, salvation appears too interactive, too wedded to difference. Christians believe that the understanding of God as Trinity, the understanding whose catalyst is the incarnation of Christ, allows us to grasp key features of Gods character and Gods relation with us. If relationship itself is an impossible, unnecessary, or counterproductive religious aim, then this belief is in error. But if relation is truly an irreducible component of the religious end, then characterizations of God are not only passing tools. They are in some measure constitutive of that end. Salvation is shaped by a particular vision of the God with whom we are in relation. Here we glimpse the way in which Christ is integral to salvation, both embodying the relation with God that constitutes salvation and distinctively representing to us the nature of the God with whom we have communion in salvation. The Trinity is not about levels of divine being but about dimensions of God. Height, length, and width are features of a whole body and of every part of it, and yet the three are not the same. If emanations from God or acts of God are put on a ladder of being, then humans, who are farther down the ladder of creation, can relate only to the rungs immediately above or below them. Ultimate divinity lies further above and beyond. If the three divine persons of the Trinity are treated in this way, they become levels of being. But in fact no person of the Trinity is a lower or earlier step, and none is â€Å"less far in† to God. For the Christian, salvation is not passing beyond the Spirit to the Son or the Son to the Father. Salvation is participation in the divine life that is the communion among the three persons. The doctrine of the Trinity has its basis in Gods self-revelation in Israel and in Jesus Christ his Son by the Holy Spirit. In other words, it is to be found exclusively in this revelation as the Scriptures bear witness to it. This positive affirmation carries a negative within it. Since the unity of God is a unity in trinity no other conceived or supposedly proven unity of God is a Christian conception of the true God. Traditional doctrine has sometimes been at fault here. It brought a division into the whole conception of God beginning with a general doctrine of the one God and his attributes on the basis of some biblical material or philosophical proofs and then went on to speak of God as triune. This clearly has various dangers which are being recognized today. It could lead to the Trinity being subordinated to an already preconceived idea of God with a consequent weakening and undermining of its true nature in a modalistic way. Again, it could be seen as a creator God as Father being largely divorced from Son and Holy Spirit so that the Father was known otherwise than by faith, whereas Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit were the true objects of our belief and worship. This could bring a serious division into our conception of the Trinity, endangering the equality and nature of the persons and misunderstanding their mutual relationships. This dichotomy in the doctrine of God meant a real difficulty too in relating it to Christian life, faith, and worship. Augustine considers what is involved in the perfection of the image of God in humanity when through exercise of the trinity of faith the mind is purified and comes to contemplate God the Trinity. The image of God in the soul is memory, understanding and love, which is manifested (and can never be ultimately lost) when the mind remembers itself, loves itself and knows itself, but which is truly the image because it is the capacity the soul has to remember, know and love God and it is in such cleaving to God that the image is perfected: When its cleaving to him has become absolute, it will be one spirit with him . . . The mind will be raised to the participation of his being, truth and bliss, though nothing thereby be added to the being, truth and bliss which is its own. In that being, joined to it in perfect happiness, it will live a changeless life and enjoy the changeless vision of all that it will behold (Cavadini 103). What is happening here is less the souls ascent to God than the souls submitting to be refashioned by God: â€Å"the beginning of the images reforming must come from him who first formed it. The self which it was able to deform, it cannot of itself reform† (Cavadini 115). It is a process which begins in the moment of baptism, and is perfected in a long gradual process of penitence and endurance: â€Å"the cures beginning is to remove the cause of the sickness: and that is done through the forgiveness of sins. Its furtherance is the healing of the sickness itself, which takes effect by gradual progress in the renewal of the image† (Cavadini 121). The souls return to God is the perfecting within it of the image of God in which it was created. It is a movement away from the â€Å"land of unlikeness† in which it finds itself as a result of the fall. But Augustine emphasizes in the last book (XV) of De Trinitate that the likeness to God we have discovered in humanity is no equality: it is a likeness between two utterly different beings, God and the creature, and so he says, foreshadowing the language of the fourth Lateran Council, that we must â€Å"rather discern in its measure of likeness a greater unlikeness too† (Cavadini 122). For the love of God, beware of illness as much as you can, so that as far as possible your self is not the cause of any weakness . . . For the love of God, control your body and soul with great care, and keep as fit as you can. Here speaks the positive, life-affirming voice of Christian spirituality, in this case from plague-ridden England of the fourteenth century. The voice is also realistic: â€Å"should illness come in spite of everything, have patience and wait humbly for Gods mercy† (Peel 255). Between the twin poles of the passive acceptance of unavoidable suffering and the active care of health and work for healing, Christian spirituality moves with varying emphases, first in one direction, then in the other. In the twentieth century, Christian spirituality in its literature and practice has moved in the second direction, showing a more challenging attitude towards disease, and a wider concern for human development, personal and social. Wholeness in body, mind and spirit is presented as a goal to which ascetics need not run counter, and should indeed subserve. Wholeness and holiness, if not precisely synonymous, are regarded as related. â€Å"Properly understood, prayer is a mature act which is essential for the complete development of the personality . . . It is only in prayer that we can achieve the complete and harmonious union of body, mind and spirit† (Dr Alexis Carrel, quoted in H. Caffarel 20). The incarnation is seen to have implications for the redemption of every aspect of the worlds activity. At the same time, in society generally, a larger concept of health has begun to take hold, as meaning not merely the absence of sickness, but the realization of human potential. Advances in clinical medicine, pharmacology and psychiatry have helped to create a new climate of expectation. Partly through the growth of nuclear physics and a changed scientific and philosophical outlook, some writers have questioned the very distinction between the physical and the spiritual, as hitherto understood. It is in this changing atmosphere that the Christian ministry of healing, as distinct from forms of faith-healing which deny the value of scientific medicine, has been renewed in the churches. A fruitful meeting-point between spirituality and medicine lies in the fact that it is the vis medicatrix naturae, the recreative power of nature, which brings healing. Physicians and surgeons do not directly heal anybody: they seek by their skills to remove obstacles to natures healing energies, as when they correct chemical imbalances in the body, or take away diseased tissue. Means which touch the human spirit, such as are employed in the ministry of healing by prayer and sacrament, may equally be seen as seeking to liberate and quicken by grace the God-given forces within human nature. Three aspects of the subject attract attention, and developments in each can be expected. Christian Science arose at a time when Protestantism left little room for the teaching and practice of spiritual healing (Kelsey 69). It offered a unique product blend of metaphysics with an unorthodox interpretation of Christian scriptures that appealed to a large number of people during the late 19th century. With the inception of the Pentecostal movement early in the 20th century and its spillover into historic Christian denominations since 1950, healing was once again incorporated with orthodox Christian theology. Despite some obvious similarities between Christian Science and mainline Christian healing groups, very little rapport exists between the two approaches to religious healing. Christian Science accepts as an assumption that illness is a form of evil, and all evil is an illusion (Peel 254). Each person has it within her/himself to counter illusion with truth. As Christian Science foundress Mary Baker wrote: â€Å"That which [God] creates is good, and He makes all that is made. Therefore the only reality of sin, sickness or death is the awful fact that unrealities seem real to human, erring belief, until God strips off their disguise† (Peel 256). Faith in Gods power to heal has to reckon with the fact that there appear to be blocks in a disordered world and within human personality to receiving Gods healing energies. Such obstacles may be moral, in the form of unrepented sin. They may also be due to emotional disturbances caused by past wounds to the spirit. Inner healing is concerned to bring to light the causes of the inner pain; to help the sufferer to interpret them correctly; and to release the person from the emotional grip of the past. Prayer and meditation play a crucial part in this exodus from captivity. Deeper levels of the mind are reached in contemplative prayer, when the focus is upon God alone, and the soul waits upon him. Inner healing comes also in corporate worship, when the gaze is Godward and the worshipper is lifted by the Spirit out of self-centredness or narrowness of vision. Closer union with God in the depth of the spirit thus brings an integration of the whole person around the new Centre, and it is quite usual for physical health to be improved. Diseases are caught in a diseased society. Environment counts, for better or for worse. â€Å"It is cruel and false to brand every sufferer as a sinner: much suffering and sickness is due to the sin either of other persons, or of society in general† (Peel 269). There is in some churches a growth of less formal kinds of reaching out to minister to the sick in the name of Christ, alongside the sacramental ministries of Eucharist, anointing, laying on of hands, reconciliation of penitents, and occasionally exorcism. The dedicated use by every member of Christ of his or her personal gift of the Spirit enables the local church to become an actively healing community. Where some have a physical gift of healing through the hands (a phenomenon still little understood, though real), they may use it as members of a parish team, and are sometimes licensed by a bishop for a wider ministry. I believe that Jesus Christ is in fact constitutive of healing. Christ is constitutive of healing for all people who attain it. Christ is constitutive in this way not as some separate and additional actor besides God, but precisely as an expression of the triune life of God. Christ is one who comes from the triune life into human life but also one who brings human life into its fullest participation in the triune life. Christ is not extrinsic to the love of God, not only a representation of it, but also the working of it. Christ is in such unity with God that communion with God involves a fundamental relation with Christ. Healing is constituted solely by Gods everlasting love. Christ does not constitute healing; Christ represents the God who does. Ordinary Christian sacraments and preaching can only symbolize God by representing Christ. Christ represents God by constituting these lesser representations. Whereas they represent Gods love by also representing him, he represents Gods love by also constituting them. Christs special role is not to constitute healing but to constitute the Christian symbols for it. Other religions may have their own representations.   The problem with this analysis is that it makes â€Å"Gods everlasting love† an abstract quality and agent, some kind of prior decision in the mind of God, and downplays its personal nature. That love is precisely a feature of the personal communion that is the divine life, of which the second person of the Trinity is a constitutive member. Prior to being an idea or a decision, this love is an event. And Christ, the divine Word, is participant in that event, constitutive of that everlasting love. Likewise the extension of this love to humanity which constitutes healing is not an abstract possibility. The path for human participation in the triune communion is laid in the unity of God and humanity in Christ. Though Christ is certainly the way, in the Christian view, Christ is also the life and the truth in whom we rest and grow while on the way and at the end of the way. The proposition that Christ is the sole savior of the world is not adequately translated by saying that everyone must make use of Christ for at least one crucial moment, long enough to negotiate part of the passage to the promised land of â€Å"salvation,† after which time Christ can be discarded or replaced. In inviting his followers into a relation with God like his own, Jesus presumed that those in such relation were one body that they lived in him and he lived in them, just as Christ lived in God and God in him. Jesus did not counsel his followers to go out and independently approach God as Jesus did. Jesus invited them to share in that relationship by virtue of their connection with him. There is nothing purely instrumental about this: the images and substance are all organic. Communion is the way Christ saves, and it is the salvation that results. Healing seems to be restored as a normal part of the Churchs ministry and of the Christian experience, wherever the Church is alive with faith in Christ. But, as with the mission to evangelize the world, so with the healing work of Christ in his Church, opposition abounds and the story is one of failure as well as success. God reigns, and the word is preached with signs following. But the end is not yet, and in Christian perspective the total healing of people and nations waits for the consummation of all things, when God shall be all in all. Deep dialogue with others can begin with prayer, the deepest dialogue with the Ultimate Other. Within this deepest dialogue, active and receptive prayer processes proposed by the Relational Prayer Model have been related to eastern and western historical descriptions of the prayer of the Holy Name. A comparison of the method and function of the prayer of the Holy Name has revealed several similarities between eastern and western spiritual traditions. These points of common ground between spiritual traditions support the expansion of the original Interpersonal Christian Prayer Model to account for more than a solely western spiritual tradition. In addition, intercultural religious dialogue and prayer between eastern and western spiritual traditions has been developed with several examples. Such religious enculturation could lead to further development and/or revisions of the Relational Prayer Model. Most modern perspectives on the Trinity and worship see prayer as a central aspect of this relationship. The passages in the New Testament that distinguish most clearly between the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit are those that deal with prayer. Christ as our reconciler and peace giver is the one through whom we have access by one Spirit to the Father. â€Å"It was when he was thinking about prayer that Paul also thought about how in their different ways the Son and the Spirit enable us to approach the Father† (Thompson 70). While all three persons in the Trinity are necessary properly to speak of God as one it is primarily to the Father that the Son and the Spirit lead us in prayer. This is summed up by Paul when he says, â€Å"God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts crying Abba, Father† Thompson 65). Central to this is the Son, who reveals the Father, and whom, when we see, we see the Father. This leads us back to our Lords Prayer and his relation to God where the distinctive name he gives him is â€Å"Father.† Prayer is â€Å"through Jesus Christ our Lord,† that is, through all he was and said and did in his fife, death, and resurrection. He is the way, as well as the truth and the life. If prayer is to the Father and through the Son, it is enabled by the Spirit. Only the Spirit enables us to know God as Father or to confess Jesus as Lord or to pray to the Father in a way that is acceptable to him. The role of Son and Spirit in this is profoundly expressed in Romans. â€Å"Christ who died for us is now our great High Priest and Intercessor by his presence with the Father in the power of his finished work on the cross† (Thompson 96). Yet we can know this and be able to enter into its meaning only by the Holy Spirit. He is the One who lays hold upon our weaknesses by his strength and intercedes for us with sighs too deep for words. Through Christ we become children of God and this relationship is made possible, continued, and brought to its completion by â€Å"his Spirit which dwells in you† (Thompson 98). He is the gift and power of the present and the hope of immortality. It is the Spirit (who is divine) who intercedes for us. God the Father who knows us and our weaknesses knows his own Holy Spirit and God, speaking to us through God, as it were, prays for us and with us as the Spirit, as God wants and as prayer ought to be. At the same time, paradoxically, it is not simply the Spirits prayer but ours as well. So close is the work of Son and Spirit in bringing us to the Father that each is spoken of as Advocate and Intercessor. The trinitarian aspect of prayer has profound significance for worship. It is not seen primarily as our work but Gods own gift through Christ and the Holy Spirit. Thus â€Å"prayer and worship are not primarily hard tasks that God sets us; they are gifts that through his Son and in his Spirit he shares with us† (Thompson 99). The triune God in his life is both one and three in his being and relationships. This insight is applied in relation to the church in two areas, the local and the universal. The New Testament speaks not only of the church but also of the churches. By this is not meant denominations in our modern sense of the term, but the various ecclesiae, the various local communities wherever found. In this sense the churches represent the universal church. Each particular congregation shares in this fullness and totality in both locality and universality. In the diversity of churches or communities the one church appears in each place. One can put it in picture form by saying that the whole universal church looks out in the local church. The Conference of European Churches (C.E.C.) made the point clearly: â€Å"The whole church of Christ is constituted not by adding together part church to part church, but is expressed by the communion of local churches in mutual interpenetration. Conciliar community of churches is thus an integral part of the concept of the trinity† (Bockman 89). By this it means not that church can and should seek to live by and for itself   but, by its very basis and existence, is one with the church universal and must express that relationship analogous to the Trinity, in concrete structured form, however one may interpret this. â€Å"The primary goal of the participation of the church in the mission of God is, as expressed by Christ in his missionary mandate, to make disciples† (Bockman 89). Put otherwise, it is to bring men and women into living fellowship with the triune God and with one another through him. The church is thus not a static product of the Spirits work, but a dynamic instrument in the service of others. â€Å"You are Gods own people that you may declare the wonderful deeds of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light† (Bockman 89). The church is, on the one hand, the provisional result of mission but, on the other hand, it is Gods agent of it. The goal of the church is thus not itself but the world. The church participates in Gods mission to bring to humankind righteousness and salvation and to reconcile a broken creation. There are many avenues for the interpretation of religions. The distinctively Christian way passes through the trinitarian dynamic we have been describing, the heart of a Christian theology of religions. We saw that Trinity is a non-reductive religious ultimate, in whom the three persons and their unique relations subsist as co-equal dimensions of a single communion. This is like a musical polyphony, a simultaneous, non-excluding harmony of difference that constitutes one unique reality. Each voice has its own distinctive character by virtue of its relation with the others. We can equally well say that each receives its special voice by participation in the oneness of the whole musical work. In the trinity we are dealing with three subjects who are reciprocally conscious of each other by reason of one and the same consciousness which the three subjects possess, each in his own proper way. This means that Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are conscious of one another through their united consciousness and possession of the one divine essence and therein lies the unity of God. This does not go as far as either the Eastern tradition or the statement of Torrance. It is impossible to overemphasize the importance of the Christian doctrine that God is one in three persons. This has correctly been called the teaching distinctive of the Christian faith, that which sets the approach of Christians to the â€Å"fearful mystery† of the deity apart from all other approaches. To be human is to be separated from God in some degree. To be Christian, the Christian believes, is to be separated from him least. The knowledge of the Trinity which we have from the New Testament is above all personal. We are introduced to the Three and invited to share the happiness of the divine company. This is truly the great mystery of Christianity, the mystery of love. In the New Testament there is none of the remoteness in conceiving God which today tends to separate Christians from their triune Lord. Bibliography Bockman, Peter Wilhelm â€Å"Trinity, Model of Unity Relationship between Unity and Communion the Universal and the Local,† in The Reconciling Power of the Trinity, p. 89. Cf. Moltmann. Cavadini, John â€Å"The Structure and Intention of Augustines De Trinitate,† Augustinian Studies 23, 1992. Dr Alexis Carrel, quoted in H. Caffarel, The Body at Prayer. London, SPCK, 1978. Kelsey, Morton T.   Psychology, Medicine Christian Healing. San Francisco: Harper Row, 1988. Peel, Robert.   Spiritual Healing in a Scientific Age. San Franciso: Harper Row, Publishers, 1987. Thompson, John. Modern Trinitarian Perspectives. Oxford University Press: New York, 1994. Vanhoozer, Kevin J. The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, England, 2003. Endnotes Bockman, Peter Wilhelm â€Å"Trinity, Model of Unity Relationship between Unity and Communion the Universal and the Local,† in The Reconciling Power of the Trinity, p. 89. Cf. Moltmann. Cavadini, John. â€Å"The Structure and Intention of Augustines De Trinitate,† Augustinian Studies 23 (1992), 103-23. Dr Alexis Carrel, quoted in H. Caffarel, The Body at Prayer ( London, SPCK, 1978), 20. Kelsey, Morton T., Psychology, Medicine Christian Healing, (San Francisco: Harper Row, 1988), 69. Peel, Robert, Spiritual Healing in a Scientific Age, (San Franciso: Harper Row, Publishers, 1987), 254-69. Thompson, John, Modern Trinitarian Perspectives, (Oxford University Press: New York, 1994), 69-85. Vanhoozer, Kevin J., The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology, (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, England, 2003), 188.

Imperialism in America Essay -- American History Politics Essays

Imperialism in America At the turn of the century, America and the views of its people were changing. Many different ideas were surfacing about issues that affected the country as a whole. The Republican Party, led by William McKinley, were concentrating on the expansion of the United States and looking to excel in power and commerce. The Democratic Party at this time was led by William Jennings Bryan, who was absorbed in a sponge of morality and was concerned with the rights of man. The nation’s self-interest was divided into different ideas between the two parties. At this time imperialism and anti-imperialism were the dominant topics regarding America’s destiny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One argument backing U.S. imperialism is by naval strategist, Alfred Thayer Mahan. At this time, Great Britain had the strongest sea power. Mahan states that America’s navy must be as strong to compete in trade and war. Expansion would aid exports, and more naval power would grant the ability to overcome obstacles such as a dispute between the U.S. and another country. Most importantly, Mahan states that the world is in struggle and the U.S. must protect itself to survive.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another argument in favor of U.S. imperialism was that of Albert J. Beveridge. Beveridge argued that it was the duty of Americans to govern others, he felt that if Britain and Germany could, then why not America as well. In response to the opposition that stated that people should not govern those who do not wish to be governed Beveridge responded that, â€Å"†¦applies only to those who are capable of self government,† (Beveridge 1898), and as he and many others saw it, foreign lands were not capable of self- government. Additionally, Beveridge argued that there was too much in America. He stated that there are too many employees and not enough jobs, too much capital and not enough investment; he felt that all the U.S. needed was more circulation. Invading and taking over foreign lands was just the way to do it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An additional argument in favor of U.S. imperialism was that of Charles Denby and his explanation of why we should not give up the ‘foothold’ we have in the Philippines. According to Denby, commerce was the most important factor to a nation’s well-being. Denby felt that by keeping hold in the Philippines China’s market was much more easily accessible. China having a very profitable market and t... ...lists wanted to do was to make the nation better and stronger, which was all in the best interest of the U.S.. The United States became an extremely strong military power due to the decisions at this time. Due to the drive of the development of America at the present time, our nation was a dominant power in World War I in 1916. Furthermore the U.S. has been a dominant world power for years to come all the way to present day. Finally, the imperialist view at the turn of the century was a movement to stabilize the economy, improve trade among other nations, and offer protection to make the lives of Americans better and easier. Sources Cited Albert J. Beveridge Endorses Imperialism. Speech, September 16, 1898. Modern Eloquence, v.11(Philadelphia: John D. Morris and Co., 1903), pp.224-243. The Siren Song of Imperialism: McKinley Prays for Guidance. Report from an interview, January 22, 1903. C.S. Olcott, The Life of William McKinley, v.2 (1916), pp.110-111. â€Å"Find the Constitution† Philadelphia, North American, 1901 Address to the Voters of the United States. National Liberty Congress of Anti-Imperialists. Indianapolis,IN,August 15-16,1900.(http://www.boondocksnet.com).

To what extent have the goals of feminism been achieved?

In simple terms feminism can be defined as the belief in equality between the sexes, based on the idea that gender should not affect a persons social identity, or socio-political or economic rights, and complete equality regardless of actual or perceived sexual orientation or identity. (Wikipedia, 2006) Complete equality between the men and women can be further broken down into three main categories; social, economic and political equality. In my essay I will assess the extent that the goals of each individual category have been accomplished. However as feminism is a very broad doctrine, and some feminists are much more hard line than others, deciding to what extent goals have been achieved is dependent on whose definition of the goals you use. The first area I would like to discuss is that of social equality between men and women. One of feminists' main social aims is to eliminate the double standards that occur between men and women in all aspects of life, varying from women being expected to take maternity leave instead of men, to sexual equality between intimate partners. Ward Crowe 1981) This idea is at the heart of the whole feminist ideology and so is very important, however like almost all-feminist goals, the extent to which it is complete depends on which feminist you speak to. Although this is the case there is little argument between feminists that double standards between the sexes have been reduced dramatically in the last one hundred years, and most would say that this goal has almost been achieved. Another major social goal for the feminist movement is the equal treatment of women in the media, including an end to media and advertising exploitation of women's bodies. This has always been seen as a crucial area by feminists, as sex-role theory states that men and women will mirror the characters they see in the media, meaning that they will continue with sexist stereotypes that are being shown to them. (Craig 1994) As the media is an area that has traditionally been totally dominated by males, they stereotypes used often to be prejudice against women, and even when they weren't, the mere fact that no women read news or did any other presenting jobs left its own sub-conscious message in the populous. Although the feminist movement has been successful in wrestling some of the power away from the predominantly male industry, the media is an area where there is still plenty of work to be done before there goals are complete. Although in the modern world female presenters are considered the norm, and women are not just portrayed as doting mothers, the issue of the media, especially advertising exploiting women's bodies is still huge. In my opinion feminists will find it very hard to change this fact simply because there will always be women willing to do it and it will always increase sales. As I said, I think the feminist movement has managed to improve the treatment of women in the media, but will never be able to find complete equality with men in this arena. Getting rid of the acceptance of misogynist language and derogatory terms for women is another of the feminists' main social goals. This is a difficult area for the feminist movement to make progress because terms that are considered derogatory for women such as, ‘the missus' to refer to ones wife are massively widespread and not considered to be sexist by most of those who use them. Therefore the only way that feminists can try and prevent these terms remaining in everyday language forever is through educational policies. As many of the people who accept this misogynistic language are not interested in being educated against it, it becomes very hard to find a way to change the situation. Having said this, slowly as time goes on and people become more understanding, the situation has been slowly improving although I think only the most liberal feminist would claim that linguistic equality has been anywhere near achieved. The last important social goal that I want to look at is the acceptance of women in history. This is an interesting area, as some feminists don't see it as a major issue, while others reckon it is crucial to establishing total equality between the sexes. As historically the world was based on a much more patriarchal system and men controlled almost all the power, there are few examples of women playing significant roles in history. Whether this is because they didn't have the chance to or because their deeds weren't recorded is the focus of much debate, but most feminists would say it was the second. However even if this is the case it is very hard to give women credit for un-recorded deeds and so feminists have been fighting an up-hill battle to try and get these ladies their recognition. The second main aspect of the feminist ideology is the economic equality of men and women in all areas of their lives, this is crucial to feminism as economic equality moves women away from being stereotyped as house-wives. The first economic goal that I want to look at is the idea of equal pay for equal work. The main thrust of this agenda is the removal off the gap in wages that occurs between men and women doing the same jobs. The removal of this difference, known as the ‘wage-gap' has been one of the major rallying points for the feminist movements as since women entered the work-place they have been paid significantly less than men for the same work. Although the wage gap still occurs today it has been reduced by up to 15% since 1970 according to some estimates (Wellington 1993) and other say it may well disappear entirely within the next ten to fifteen years. Although feminists have not at this point in time eliminated the wage gap, they have managed to reduce it massively and it looks to keep getting smaller, so most feminists would say that this goal is on it way to being completed. Coupled with this idea of equal pay for equal work is another of feminism's main economic goals; equality between the sexes in the hiring promotion and treatment of employees. There are employees who are less willing to hire women as they risk losing them after they have children, and will have to pay for maternity leave. The feminist movement had tried to address this through a series of legislation, which to a certain extent has helped although the problem definitely still occurs. They have encountered similar problems with promotions as although at lower levels promotions of men and women have become a lot less bias than they were in the past at higher levels a ‘glass ceiling' still seems to remain in place. This term refers mainly to the business world where although women can gain promotion up through the company they still seem to find it very hard to reach the very highest levels, and men still massively dominate the boardroom. Although this problem has started being addressed by companies in recent times, removing it further is still one of feminism's main goals. The goal of equal treatment of employees ties in with the idea of lookism, once again especially in the business world. Lookism is the discrimination against people based on the way they look or dress, and although it does occur to men in is mostly a female problem. Although the situation has improved it is still the case that it is much easier for a woman to find employment in the business sector if she is comely. Feminists have been working hard to try and stop this discrimination for example, by eliminating dress codes which could exploit women's bodies. However it is very hard as there are many other factors which could effect employees decision on who to hire, making it almost impossible for feminists to confirm when it has taken place. The third area that feminists have focused on trying to obtain equality is politically, as without this equality in the other two sectors will not make the difference it should. One of the main things that they strive to achieve in this area is that men and women should have equal rights under the law. Although it seems amazing now up until 1918 women were not allowed to vote in Britain, and not until 1928 was the voting age lowered to twenty-one in line with men. (Holten 1986, p134) Since then many more improvements have been made in making the sexes more politically equal, with women allowed to represent in the House of Commons, however hard-line feminists would say that even now we are not politically equal in Britain, as men still dominate the House of Lords. Although in Britain women have succeeded in gaining almost equal political rights, in other parts of the world women are still much more oppressed. In Kuwait for example, the parliament just rejected a bill that would have given women the right to vote and stand in parliament, and so the feminists' have not nearly achieved their worldwide goals. Another major political goal for the feminist movement is that abortions should be legal, accessible and affordable, without parental or spousal consent laws. Feminists feel this is important as they feel all women should have the right to their individual choice whatever the circumstances. In Britain feminists have come some way to achieving these goals, although abortion is still not technically legal, the abortions act of 1967 has made it legally defensible to have an abortion in certain circumstances, and there is much less stigma against abortions than there used to be. However feminists would say much more should be done, feeling that re-cooperation services should be available and that more open law should be put in place. Feminists also believe that women should be allowed to serve in the military as well as men, and that men should not be drafted ahead of women in times of war. Once again in Britain they have come some way to achieving these aims with women now allowed to work in all sectors of the military except the front line. Although feminists try to campaign for this to furthered to include women being allowed to serve in the front-line I do not think this will occur for some time, if ever, as women and men cannot serve in the same units. In other parts of the world, again the political system is less relaxed on this issue, and women are not allowed o hold any positions in the military establishment, so as a goal of feminism it has not come close to being achieved. Overall I think that socially and politically many of the goals of feminism have been achieved, at least to a large extent, whereas economically women are still disadvantaged compared to men, especially in the business sector where many things work against them. However I feel that in Britain, all three areas that feminists are fighting for equality in are improving, and there is no area where the levels of inequality are rising. On a global scale on the other hand the scene is not nearly so positive, with many nations still giving their women no political or economic power and forcing them through social customs to leave education early and follow their mothers into early marriages and house-keeping. In my opinion the feminist movement would be well advised to stop worrying so much about supposed inequality in the West and instead focus their attention on the very real problems faced by women in the third world.

The Top Ten Mistakes Leaders Make

Do you have a problem communicating with your staff? Do you feel you are not eliciting the best in your employees? If so, it is likely that â€Å"The Top Ten Mistakes Leaders Make,† holds the answer. The author, Dr. Hans Finzel Hans maintains that† inappropriate leadership habits often result from observing the poor leadership habits of others. † (Finzel, 2000). He uses case studies and biblical principles to illustrate the top ten mistakes most frequently made by leaders. This book will help you identify your errors and provide you with the tools to modify your style for more effective management.(Finzel, 2000). Chapter Summary The book contains ten chapters. Each chapter features a â€Å"mistake† and provides examples to show how each inappropriate leadership action can be modified to engender more effective leadership, encourage optimal production, and promote growth in the organization. (Finzel, 2000). Chapter 1, â€Å"The Top-down Attitude† is co ncerned with the number one leadership hazard. The author maintains that â€Å"The Top-down Attitude† is a militaristic model that involves egocentric, authoritarian attitudes, and that there are many other, more effective ways to lead.He cites the participatory management style as an example. (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 2, â€Å"Putting Paperwork before Peoplework. † A leader with this attitude gives the impression that people are an annoyance; he prefers to work behind closed doors and is always too busy with â€Å"paperwork† to be bothered by people. (Finzle2000). According to Finzel, (2000), â€Å"regardless of what orientation one has in leadership style–task or people–effective leaders make room for people. Leaving them out is a big, big leadership mistake. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 3, â€Å"Absence of Affirmation† is concerned with the incentives that motivate people.According to the author, (2000), affirmation motivates people muc h more than financial incentives†¦.. People thrive on praise. It does more to keep the people who work for you and with you fulfilled than fortune or fame could do. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 4, â€Å"No room for mavericks† describes how â€Å"the most creative and†¦. employees are often forced to comply with the inside-the-box thinking†¦. of the Mavericks create messes by their very nature–the good messes institutions need. † (Finzle, 2000). Without â€Å"mavericks† many companies simply fade out of existence, and many others become a shadow of what they once were.Yet today inside many corporations are leaders so focused on compliance and control, that they may control away their futures, and drive those who are innovative away to other places. (Finzle2000). â€Å"Don't allow your policies and procedures to stifle your brightest stars. Be flexible. Bend the rules, if you believe that someone needs more space. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 5, â€Å"Dictatorship in Decision-making is about the attitude of â€Å"I am the leader and I know best†¦.. According to Finzel, great leaders are those who truly feel that the led are just as important as the leader. † (Finzle, 2000).Chapter 6,†Dirty Delegation† and how it deflates enthusiasm for a project. â€Å"Leaders make this error in the name of getting things done. Relax and let go. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 7, â€Å"Communication Chaos. † â€Å"Never assume that anyone knows anything,† Finzel says. (2000). â€Å"The higher you go in leadership, the more sensitive you have to be about everything you communicate,† he says. â€Å"Every time I make a phone call or write a letter or make a decision, I have to ask, â€Å"what people are affected by this decision/letter/memo/directive? What are the linkages? † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 8, â€Å"Missing the Clues of Corporate Culture.† Very simply defined, Fi nzel points out; corporate culture is â€Å"the way we do things around here. † (Finzel, 2000). â€Å"If you miss the culture clues as a leader, you may be in for some tough times,† he says. (Finzel, 2000). â€Å"As a leader, spend some time alone and sort out your own values and beliefs. Then work it through with your leadership team and come up with a list of the values and beliefs your whole team stands for. This becomes the powerful glue that holds you together, like the individual layers in a sheet of plywood. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 9, â€Å"Success without Successors.† In this chapter, the author gives the real-life example of a â€Å"large church where the plan was to have the older, soon-to-retire pastor to mentor the younger chosen successor. However, two camps soon developed with those who wanted change following the younger man and the â€Å"I side with the old† people following the older man. The older pastor quit in protest and the successor was voted out of the church, leaving it leaderless. † (Finzel, 2000). The answer to the dilemma? â€Å"To end well, we must not get too wrapped up in our own indispensability. Humility is the key to finishing well and passing the torch on to our successors (Finzel, 2000).Chapter 10, â€Å"Failure to Face the Future. † According to Finzel, (2000), â€Å"A leader's concentration must not be on the past nor on the present, but on the future. If we don't make the time to plan for the future, we will be its victims. † (Finzle, 2000). The author concludes his work with ideas about changes in the general philosophy of leadership, the reminder that setting goals that will help you avoid errors in leadership. (Finzle, 2000). Critique This book is accurate in theology and doctrine, and is useful and appropriate for both spiritual and secular leadership roles.It enables the leader to identify acquired habits and potential pitfalls that lead to leadership problem s, and provides the tools to help them alter their style for more effective management. It is significant that the author suggests a concise list of such habits for leaders to dissect and change, with anecdotal examples. Dr. Finzel’s concepts can be employed in most companies and organizations. His strategies embrace a positive, ethical approach to leadership that has been noticeably absent in many corporate cultures in America in recent history.Each chapter presents some outstanding insights into how leaders fail to make the most of their people, and get results. (Finzel, 2000) Hans Finzel makes the case that poor leadership habits are often the byproduct of observing others' poor leadership habits. This book suggests a concise list of such habits for leaders to dissect and change, with anecdotal examples as well as clear action items that can be implemented tomorrow morning. (Finzel, 2000) The author also makes some very significant points about improvements that need to be made in our country’s philosophy of leadership. (2000).He states that today’s leaders: †¢ Replicate the poor leadership habits they have observed in others. †¢ Often lack basic skills for common leadership demands. †¢ Lack good models and mentoring †¢ Lack formal leadership training (Finzel, 2000) Many-books are available today, but this book is different because it delivers what it promises, and provides no-nonsense, practical advice for managers and supervisors. The author's positive and supportive attitude fosters real interaction and communication, and is a superior accolade to the relationship between leaders and those they guide. OpinionThis is a book is a priceless instrument for anyone in position of leadership. Dr. Finzel’s strategies embrace a positive, ethical approach to leadership that has been noticeably absent in America’s corporate culture in recent history About the Author Dr. Finzel is a graduate of Dallas Theologica l Seminary, and the Fuller School of Missions. He is the executive director of Conservative Baptist International, which is a mission organization. He has held that position since 1993. (Powell’s Books, 2005). Prior to beginning his job at CBI, Dr. Finzel spent ten years working in the field of leadership training in Vienna, Austria.He lives in Littleton, Colorado with his wife and their four children. (Nelson Ministry, 2000). Bibliography About the Author (2005). Powell’s Books Services [On Line]. Available from: www. powells. com/biblio? PID=719&cgi=product&isbn=0781433657. Accessed December 14, 2005. Biography of Hans Finzel (2000). Nelson Ministry Services. Available from: www. nelsonministryservices. com/nms/bio. asp? cid=190. Accessed December 14, 2005. Finzel, Hans (2000). ‘The Top Ten Mistakes Leaders Make. † Publisher: Cook Communications. Accessed December 14, 2005.

Free Essays on April Morning

In April Morning by Howard Fast Solomon Chandler is a main character with many traits. One character trait is Adam’s view of Chandler which changes throughout the novel. Chandler’s physical appearance and his war experiences are two more traits expressed in the novel. This is not Solomon Chandler’s first war experience. He was in the French and Indian War. He knows the British tactics and how they think. Therefore he takes over almost acting like a general would giving orders and organizing plans to attack against the British. In the beginning Adam views Solomon Chandler as a hero and respects him. He idolizes him because of his experiences and his way of doing things. Later Adam realizes that Chandler enjoys war. It is all like a big game to him. He wants to fight and he wants to win. Solomon is a tall man with long arms and legs and is as skinny as a starved crow. He isn’t weak he is fairly strong. He has a long face, a hooked nose, a jutting chin, and two pale blue eyes deep sunk into their sockets. He also has a mouth full of broken yellow teeth and snow-white hair. Adam says he is the most freckled and possibly most ugly man he has ever seen. Solomon Chandler is very well depicted throughout the novel. Some of his character traits are shown through the way Adam views him and his experiences at war. His physical traits give a picture of what kind of person he is.... Free Essays on April Morning Free Essays on April Morning In April Morning by Howard Fast Solomon Chandler is a main character with many traits. One character trait is Adam’s view of Chandler which changes throughout the novel. Chandler’s physical appearance and his war experiences are two more traits expressed in the novel. This is not Solomon Chandler’s first war experience. He was in the French and Indian War. He knows the British tactics and how they think. Therefore he takes over almost acting like a general would giving orders and organizing plans to attack against the British. In the beginning Adam views Solomon Chandler as a hero and respects him. He idolizes him because of his experiences and his way of doing things. Later Adam realizes that Chandler enjoys war. It is all like a big game to him. He wants to fight and he wants to win. Solomon is a tall man with long arms and legs and is as skinny as a starved crow. He isn’t weak he is fairly strong. He has a long face, a hooked nose, a jutting chin, and two pale blue eyes deep sunk into their sockets. He also has a mouth full of broken yellow teeth and snow-white hair. Adam says he is the most freckled and possibly most ugly man he has ever seen. Solomon Chandler is very well depicted throughout the novel. Some of his character traits are shown through the way Adam views him and his experiences at war. His physical traits give a picture of what kind of person he is....

Where to Find the Best Marketing Jobs You Actually Want

Where to Find the Best Marketing Jobs You Actually Want If you’re starting a marketing job search, you might go straight to a major career listing website. That isn’t a bad place to begin. In fact, they can be a great starting place for finding opportunities. However, they have some downsides. For one, everyone uses those sites. If you apply for a job on one of them, you’re probably competing against hundreds of other applicants too. So, if you’re serious about advancing your career, you might need to get more creative. Some of the best opportunities out there are never publicly listed, and sometimes, exhausting all available avenues is the fastest way to find what you’re looking for. That means scoping out sites others overlook. It’s also important to get out of the house, and meet real people face-to-face who can help point you in the right direction. This might sound like a lot of work, but when you’re job hunting, finding your next landing spot is your full-time job. Don’t let yourself be outworked before the real work begins. In this post, you’ll learn: Where to find companies looking to fill positions. How to do some real-world networking. Unconventional ways to get an employer’s attention. Plus, you’ll get one free tool to help keep yourself organized †¦ †¦ Download Your Free Marketing Job Hunting Spreadsheet Once you start this process, you’ll have lots of listings and contacts to keep track of. In order to keep everything organized, use this free spreadsheet. It includes fields for tracking everywhere you apply, openings you find most interesting, people you meet, and more. Plus, you’ll get a free marketing resume template. Together, these two resources will save you time, and get you closer to landing the job you want. Where to Find the Best Marketing Jobs You Actually Want by @Ben_via @ Table of Contents: Common Marketing Job Titles The Marketing Hiring Forecast General Job Listing Sites Marketing Job Listing Sites Visiting Your State's Job Services Site Using Google Using Twitter and LinkedIn Visiting Company Sites Directly Leveraging Local Networking Events Consider Starting a Blog Keeping Your Marketing Job Hunt Organized Common Marketing Job Titles You’ll Likely Find If you’ve started a career in the industry, and are looking to make the next step forward, you likely know which type of specific role you’re looking for. But, what if you’re starting fresh, or aren’t sure whether you’re ready to reach for the next rung on the ladder? Sometimes, reviewing marketing openings can be confusing because companies get cute with â€Å"creative† job titles. Who even knows what a â€Å"social media guru† or â€Å"content ninja† really does, anyway? To make things a bit more simple, here are some common roles and titles you might encounter during your job hunt. They’re loosely grouped under a handful of areas: Common Marketing Job Titles: Strategy Marketing Strategist Content Strategist Search Marketing Strategist Social Media Strategist Marketing Consultant Creative Copywriter Content Writer / Creator Designer Social Media Specialist Creative Director Management Communications Director Content Marketing Manager Social Media Manager Account Manager Technical UX Designer SEO Specialist / Manager Marketing Technologist Marketing Automation Specialist Analysis Marketing Analyst Data Scientist Insights Analyst Research Analyst Paid Search/Social Inbound Marketer Paid Social Media Specialist PPC Specialist Project / Account Management Marketing Project Manager Brand Manager Account Manager Product Manager What Does the Marketing Hiring Forecast Look Like? There are open positions for marketers all over the world. But, some markets are hotter than others. So, where is the bulk of hiring happening, what does the future look like, and what skills and roles are most in demand? Starting With General Job Listing Sites This is the most obvious place to start. While it’s true that the jobs you find here will be highly competitive, it never hurts to throw your hat in the ring. And who knows, you just might find exactly what you’re looking for. Best Job Listing Sites: Indeed Monster Glassdoor Google Jobs Career Builder Zip Recruiter LinkedIn Craigslist Idealist CommongoodIndeed This is perhaps the 800lb. gorilla in the job website space. It’s clean, loaded with opportunities, and easy to search. Most major companies will include openings here, and in comparison to similar sites, it might be the best. Find opportunities on Indeed See Other Sites Monster Monster is similar to Indeed, and has been around for years. Likewise, this is a good place to find big-time opportunities with large companies. Find opportunities on Monster See Other Sites Glassdoor The primary advantage Glassdoor has over other sites is it includes direct reviews from present and past employees at every company it lists. It requires registration, but it’s worthwhile to get unvarnished insight into whether a company is a good place to work, or the right fit for you. Find opportunities on Glassdoor See Other Sites Google Jobs This isn't its own service, but rather a means for Google to curate job listings from other sources on the search engine. Google searches for job listings will now populate a featured box at the top of the SERP. See Other Sites Career Builder Similar to Indeed, Monster, and the like. It appears to fallen out of favor somewhat compared to bigger players in the space, but it’s not a bad place to look. Find opportunities on Career Builder See Other Sites Zip Recruiter When it comes to job hunting, according to ZipRecuiter’s home page, â€Å"there’s no need to look anywhere else.† That’s a bold proclamation, but to their credit, the site does take a unique approach to connecting applicants to hiring managers: You upload your resume. Apply to jobs in one click. Then, you can see all kinds of stuff, like how often your application has been reviewed. In short, this sounds like an easy way to put yourself out there, and let hiring managers seek you out. Find opportunities on Zip Recruiter See Other Sites LinkedIn If you aren’t active on LinkedIn, now is the time to start. It’s easy to think of it as the boring professional alternative to Facebook, but that perception is erroneous. Lots of companies share opportunities here, and a lot of current employees at those companies share those listings, as well. This is also a good place to shamelessly promote the fact that you’re looking. Find opportunities on LinkedIn See Other Sites Craigslist No joke: this is where I found my first full-time job in the industry (at a multi-million dollar ecommerce company). While Craiglist sometimes gets overrun with low-quality direct or door-to-door sales jobs that are passed off as â€Å"marketing† positions, you can find some gold here, too. Find opportunities on Craigslist See Other Sites Idealist This is the place to go if you’re looking to make a change in the world. Focused on philanthropic and mission-driven opportunities, you can find marketing and communications jobs with activist organizations, non-profits, charitable organizations, and more here. Find opportunities on Idealist See Other Sites Commongood Another site similar to Idealist, but focused more specifically on non-profits. Find opportunities on Commongood Moving Onto Marketing Industry-Specific Job Listing Sites Table of Contents: The Drum PR Crossing Creative Pool Behance Contena AMA Mashable Talent Zoo The Drum This popular industry blog features a well-curated careers listing page for jobs in the UK. Find opportunities on The Drum See More Sites PR Crossing This is the place to go for curated listings in the public relations industry. Find opportunities on PR Crossing See More Sites Creative Pool Described as a networking tool for creative professionals, it’s focused heavily on jobs in the UK and Europe. It offers more than just job listings too, with an active blog and other career development resources. Find opportunities on Creative Pool See More Sites Behance Behance is most specifically targeted toward designers, but creative copywriters might find opportunities here, too. It’s worth a look if you’re chasing an agency job. Find opportunities on Behance See More Sites Contena A newer entry on the scene, Contena is a paid service that helps connects freelance content creators with remote opportunities. The upfront cost is a little steep, but if you’re serious about living the work-from-home life (which appears to be a focus here), it may be worth checking out. Find opportunities on Contena AMA The American Marketing Association maintains an active job listings section. Find opportunities from the AMA See More Sites Mashable Here’s one that might come as a surprise: Mashable maintains a marketing and PR jobs board. It’s not a lazy tacked-on page, either. It appears to be well-curated and deserving of consideration. Find opportunities on Mashable See More Sites Talent Zoo A great resource for advertising, marketing, and creative jobs. It’s like Indeed or Monster, but focused entirely on marketing opportunities. Find opportunities on Talent Zoo See More Sites Visit Your State’s Department of Employment Website Most states have some sort of employment website. You might not find actual job listings here, but you can find tons of helpful educational resources on job hunting in general, including advice on what to do if you’re laid off (in case that’s the reason why you’re looking for work. Find Department of Labor Resources for Every US State Try Some Simple Google Searches Once you’ve trawled through some job listing sites, try some simple search engine queries. This can help surface positions that might be listed on company’s own sites. All you need to do is search [JOB TITLE/DISCIPLINE] + [CITY/STATE/COUNTRY]. Here’s an example of search from my city (note the listing from Microsoft): Sometimes, this is all it takes to find what you’re looking for. Note, also, that all three of these listings are served up from other sites (CareerBuilder, Glassdoor, and ZipRecruiter). Scope Out Opportunities on Twitter and LinkedIn If you already have a professional following on Twitter, let them know you’re searching for new opportunities (as long as your current employer won’t be concerned to hear this). Or, just put a word out there even if you aren’t primarily using Twitter for work; someone you know, might know someone you want to know. Borrow some of this copy-and-paste tweet template: Hey friends! I’m searching for my next opportunity in [FIELD/DISCIPLINE/MARKETING NICHE]. I have [YEARS OF EXPERIENCE] and I’m ready to make an impact. The same goes (perhaps even more obviously) for LinkedIn. People are on the site to establish their professional reputation and network. So, let people know you’re looking. As previously established, you can also find public job listings here. Reaching Out on LinkedIn If you’ve ever wondered why LinkedIn is useful, my last two jobs were facilitated in part by LinkedIn outreach. If there is someone who works at a company you’d like to be at (or if you’re a hiring manager looking to add a team member), consider sending them a polite message asking if they’d be interested in getting coffee to talk shop. Oftentimes, people will be flattered that you see them as an expert. Plus, this can also show initiative. Now, tread lightly here. Avoid sending connection requests to people you don’t know with no context or message, and don’t come on too strong, either. If someone is local and there’s a chance you run in the same industry circles already, though, it doesn’t hurt to reach out. Do a simple search on LinkedIn: Then, send a simple message: Hi, My name is [NAME], and I’m a [ROLE] at [COMPANY]. I’m interested in learning more about [COMPANY/ROLE], and am curious if you would like to grab coffee at [LOCAL COFFEE SHOP]. The worst that can happen is you don’t get a response. But, if you’re new to the business, sometimes you have to force your way in, and this is an effective way to start building connections while showing you’re serious about the work. Go Directly to Company Websites Is there a company you dream about working for? Then just check out their careers page and see if they’re hiring. No need to make this any more complicated than that. Then, submit your application. While it’s inadvisable to put all your eggs in one basket, there’s nothing wrong with reaching for jobs you might think are too competitive or beyond your grasp. Have some faith in yourself. Visit Local Networking Events So far, this post has covered ways to find jobs without leaving home. Now, it’s time to get down to the brass tacks of doing actual networking in the real world. This can be intimidating, especially if you’re an introverted individual. If that’s the case for you though, just remember a lot of people are nervous going into new places or meeting new people. The payoffs here easily outweigh that discomfort. First, try finding some industry events or organizations in your area. These might include: Meetups:  Many cities have active marketing Meetup.org events. Industry Organizations: The PRSA, American Advertising Federation, and others often host regular events. Local Networking Events: Even general business networking events can put you in touch with companies looking to hire for marketing roles. To find these events: Do a search on Google, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Scope out Meetup.org and do some keyword searches for marketing meetups. Check with your local Chamber of Commerce. If you hate networking  but have to do it, this video from Complex offers some useful advice: Making the Most of Professional Events for Finding New Job Opportunities The key to making events like these work for you is to build genuine relationships with people. You might directly hear about job openings, especially if hosts, guests, or attendees are hiring. It’s also not a bad idea to let people you meet know you’re actively looking for something new. But, avoid hard selling yourself to people you don’t know. Focus on getting to know people and building connections over time. This is more likely to help you find your next opportunity than hounding people or coming off like you’re trying too hard. Consider Starting a Blog Blogging your way into a job can take a lot of effort. However, that’s exactly how ’s Head of Demand Generation, Nathan Ellering, caught the company’s attention. It’s a good way to show what you know, demonstrate your writing ability, and maybe even build an audience for yourself. Before you consider going this route, check the following boxes: Have a focus or an angle. What’s your perspective, or what area of marketing will you focus on? Commit to a basic publishing schedule. Even if it’s just a post every couple weeks, hold yourself accountable to staying consistent. Don’t stress too much about it. If the goal is to get yourself hired, then don’t worry too much about not getting tons of traffic or social shares. The idea is to get in front of the right people, and maybe have something you can add to a resume. Recommended Reading: How to Start a Successful Blog That Will Crush Your Marketing Goals 10 Simple Blog Post Templates to Create the Best Content The Ultimate Blog Writing Process to Create the Best Posts Keeping Your Job Hunt Organized Now, as you progress through your journey in career advancement, you’ll meet a lot of people, find lots of listings, and send out a ton of applications. In fact, it’s not unheard of for people to send literally dozens of resumes and going on multiple interviews before securing a position. It can be enough to make your head spin. So, how do you keep track of it all? Try using the template included in this post (click here to jump up to the download form). It includes everything you need to store interesting listings, keep track of where you’ve applied, and more. At the bottom, you’ll find three tabs: Opportunities, Contacts, and Interviews: Here’s what to include under each one: Opportunities: Track your job leads here. Add companies, job postings, notes, and details here. Contacts: If you meet people who might have leads for you, keep track of their names and contact information under this tab. Interviews: Going on multiple interviews at different companies? Note the dates and results of each one here. If you’re sending out a high volume of applications, this will help maintain sanity. Now, Go Get Yourself Hired That covers what you need to know about getting your next (or even first) marketing job. Here’s a recap: This post covered tons of different places to find open opportunities. It also went over how to find jobs that aren’t advertised. Some outside-the-box ways to put yourself out there. And tons more. So, now that you’ve got the information you need, there’s only one thing left to do: kick off your job hunt and take your career where you want to go.

Apply Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Apply Critical Thinking - Essay Example In childhood education literature we also witness ‘non sequitors’, which is an attempt to create a cause and effect relationship where none exists. For example, the claim that, since enrolments to schools have increased over time the overall standards must have also gotten better is a non-sequitor. Empirical studies show no correlation between these two parameters. ‘Faulty Analogy’ is comparing apples with oranges. To say that public schooling will fail in the USA because it has failed to impress in China or India is a faulty analogy. One has to also take into account the economic, social, cultural and political conditions that bear upon educational outcomes. ‘Equivocation’ is the deliberate attempt to confuse the reader by obscuring one’s position on the subject. A policy maker or legislator who says that public schooling should be encouraged while also supporting government austerity measures is guilty of equivocating. Equivocation is c losely tied to logical contradiction. Finally, a commonly found fallacy in childhood education literature is that of ‘petitio principii’, also called ‘begging the question’. If proponents of the existing education system are correct in their praise of the system, it then begs the question why American children fare poorly in comparison to their counterparts in Western European